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British Journal of Criminology Advance Access published online on September 10, 2009
British Journal of Criminology, doi:10.1093/bjc/azp061
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The British Journal of Criminology 0:azp061 (2009)
© The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Centre for Crime and Justice Studies (ISTD). All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Identity, International Terrorism and Negotiating Peace

Hamas and Ethics-Based Considerations from Critical Restorative Justice

Bruce A. Arrigo*

* Ph.D., Professor, Criminology, Law and Society, Department of Criminal Justice, UNC—Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC 28223-0001, USA; barrigo{at}uncc.edu.


  Abstract

This paper conceptually examines one specific case of international terrorism, including the emergence and maintenance of membership-allegiance in its militant extremist group. This is the case of the Islamic Resistance Movement (or Hamas) and the manifestation of its corresponding Palestinian identity. Although the social person is constituted by symbols and objects, acts and social acts, meanings, and role-taking and role-making, questions persist about how best to promote peaceful coexistence, advance the interests of non-violence and ensure the protection of basic human rights. These practices constitute an ethic grounded in Aristotelian virtue. The delineation of key principles emanating from critical restorative justice helps to specify this brand of moral reasoning. The integration of these principles with the proposed symbolic interactionist framework demonstrates how extremist violence can be mediated. Suggestive examples of the same involving Hamas and those with whom it struggles (Palestine, Israel and the United States) are used to guide the analysis. The proposed conceptual framework is then briefly assessed for its overall explanatory capabilities, especially in relation to furthering terrorism studies.

Key Words: terrorism studies • postmodernism • critical restorative justice • symbolic interactionism • identity theory • virtue ethics • Hamas


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