British Journal of Criminology Advance Access originally published online on September 21, 2006
British Journal of Criminology 2006 46(6):1110-1127; doi:10.1093/bjc/azl071
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The British Journal of Criminology 46:1110-1127 (2006)
© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Centre for Crime and Justice Studies (ISTD). All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org
Democratic Sentiment and Cyclical Markets in Vice
* Regulatory Institutions Network, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia, 0200; john.braithwaite{at}anu.edu.au; valerie.braithwaite{at}anu.edu.au.
Aggressive tax planning is found to be a cyclical phenomenon in Australia and the United States. While people strongly disapprove of it, mass participation in aggressive tax planning occurs during cyclical upswings, probably at a level involving well over 100,000 Australians in illegal schemes during the late 1990s. We analyse these cycles as a market in the vice of tax scheme promotion that is countered by widespread virtuous sentiments in the democracy. Community attitudes to tax cheating are therefore not seen as the problem, but as crucial to its solution. There is a democratic demand for tax system integrity. This demand creates a market for honest tax advice professionalism. Sophisticated regulators can use these community attitudes as the crucial resource for flipping markets in vice to markets in virtue. Cycles occur because markets in virtue and vice dominate at different periods of history.